Cassida nebulosa Linnaeus, 1758

Cassida nebulosa Linnaeus, 1758: 363 (TE in ?), 1767: 575; Gmelin, 1761: 152, 1787: 1636; De Geer, 1775: 324; Müller, 1776: 65; Goeze, 1777: 202, 1779: 310; Schrank, 1781: 49, 1798: 520; Petagna, 1787: 8; Villers, 1789: 91; Brahm, 1790: 56; Scriba, 1790: 178, 1791: 83; Olivier, 1790: 379, 1808: 979; Panzer, 1795: 154; Illiger, 1798: 483; Paykull, 1799: 47; Herbst, 1799: 236; Marsham, 1802: 145; Gyllenhal, 1813: 442; Schönherr, 1817: 214; Stephens, 1829: 229, 1832: 367; Sahlberg, 1835-39; Gravenhorst, 1842: 437; Kollar, 1842: 134; Suffrian, 1844: 277; Hüber, 1846: 177; Guérin, 1846: 71; Cornelius, 1846: 397; Hope, 1840 b: 3; Redtenbacher, 1849: 522, 1858: 955, 1874: 523; Boheman, 1854: 451, 1856: 139, 1862: 341; Wollaston, 1854: 439, 1857: 129, 1864: 419, 1865: 375; Bach, 1856: 77; Curtis, 1860: 394; Thomson, 1866: 318; Solsky, 1872: 266; Kinker, 1872: LVI; Baly, 1874: 213; Seidlitz, 1875: 489, 1891: 701, 1891: 788; Girard, 1876: 220; Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3656; Rupertsberger, 1876: 400, 1893: 291; Heyden, 1877: 365; Kraatz, 1879 b :267, 270; Brischke, 1883: 114; Engel, 1885: 316; Gorham, 1885: 282; Rey, 1887: 113; Fowler, 1890: 398, 1913: 294; Desbrochers, 1891: 7, 25; Weise, 1893: 1077, 1109; Acloque, 1896: 457; Bedel, 1898: 208, 1901: 518; Everts, 1901: 518; Noël, 1908: 9; Reitter, 1912: 215; Spaeth, 1914 f: 140; Schmidt, 1915: 100 (biology); Kleine, 1916: 187-210 (biology); Barber, 1916: 120; Krasucki, 1929: 175-190 (biology); Gressitt, 1938 c: 588; Bechyne, 1944: 80; Steinhausen, 1950: 15 (larva); Medvedev, 1957: 556, 1973: 148; Lopatin, 1966 b: 236, 1968: 215, 1975: 230, 1986: 116; Lopatin and Tadjibaev, 1972: 592; Dubeshko, 1973: 163; Kosior, 1975: 272; Medvedev and Korotyaev, 1975: 186; Medvedev and Voronova, 1976: 233, 1977 a: 348, 1977 b: 219, 1979: 131; Gruev, 1977: 23, 1978 a: 58, 1980: 89, 1983: 27, 1990 a: 352, 1992: 418, 1994: 83, 1995 b: 340; Silfverberg, 1979: 61; Lopatin and Kulenova, 1986: 182; Bordy and Doguet, 1987: 172 (incl. spermatheca); Lizhong, 1989: 87; Dubeshko and Medvedev, 1989: 204; Borowiec, 1990 a: 695, 1996 b: 24, 1999 d: 266, 2001 e: 519, 2009 d: 455; Sassi, 1994: 61; Kismali and Sassi, 1994: 146; Bordy, 1995 a: 19 (incl. colour photo), 1997: 60 (ejaculat. apod.); Lee, 1994: 53 (immature stages); Aleksandrovitch et al., 1996: 52; Mohamedsaid, 2000 b: 376; Borowiec and Świętojańska, 2003: 189-200 (first instar larva); Sekerka, 2004: 138, 2006 c: 93, 2007 c: 90, 2010: 19 (colour photo); Lee and Cho, 2006: 60, 95; Borowiec and Sekerka, 2010: 375; Özdikmen et al., 2020 (genitalia).

Cassida (Cassida) nebulosa: Desbrochers, 1891: 46; Spaeth, 1914 g: 105; Spaeth and Reitter, 1926: 30; Winkler, 1932: 1356; Chujô, 1934: 172, 1942: 64; Gressitt, 1939: 142, 1952: 513; Gressitt and Kimoto, 1963: 980; Kimoto, 1966 a: 653; Lopatin, 1967 b: 168, 1971: 229, 1977: 252; Warchałowski, 1978: 138 (incl. fig., male gen.), 2000: 148; Takizawa, 1980 b: 78; Medvedev, 1982: 199 (larva, p. 203: fig.), 284, 1992: 600; Brovdii, 1983: 98 (incl. fig., male gen., larva, pupa, biology); Yu, 1983: 789, 1986: 675; Borowiec, 1985 a: 36; An and al., 1985: 23; Chen and al., 1986: 482, 626 (incl. fig.); Gruev and Tomov, 1986: 349 (incl. fig., male gen.), 1998: 131, 2007: 305; Medvedev and Dubeshko, 1992: 180; Strejček, 1993: 132; Biondi et al., 1995 a: 26; Kimoto and Takizawa, 1994: 348 (incl. colour fig., larva); Rozner, 1996: 259; Bordy, 2000: 101 (incl. colour fig, genitalia); Lee and An, 2001: 198 (incl. colour photo).

Cassida affinis Fabricius, 1775: 88 (ST in ZMK), 1781: 108, 1787: 62, 1792: 293, 1801: 388; Goeze, 1777: 210; Laicharting, 1781: 110; Herbst, 1781: 50; Gmelin, 1787: 1637; Villers, 1789: 93; Olivier, 1790: 379, 1808: 980; Scriba, 1790: 178; Thunberg, 1794: 104; Panzer, 1795: 153.

Cassida nebulosa var. affinis: Boheman, 1854: 452, 1856: 139; Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3656.

Cassida maculata: Fabricius, 1775: 88, 1781: 107, 1787: 62 (not C. maculata Linnaeus, 1767, misidentification).

Cassida tigrina De Geer, 1775: 168 (TE in ?); Goeze, 1777: 212; Scriba, 1790: 178; Olivier, 1790: 378; Harrer, 1791: 99 (as syn. of nebulosa); Rossi, 1794: 89; Panzer, 1795: 155; Gravenhorst and Scholtz, 1842: 437.

Cassida nebulosa var. tigrina: Gemminger and Harold, 1876: 3656.

Host plant: Amaranthaceae: Amaranthus ascendens, A. mangostanus (Chujô and Kimoto, 1961); Amaranthus retroflexus (Bordy, 2000); Chenopodiaceae: Chenopodium album (Krasucki, 1929; Lee and Choo, 2006); Chenopodium album, C. rubrum, C. glaucum, C. Bonus Henricus, C. urbicum, C. polyspermum, C. vulvaria, Atriplex nitens, A. patula, A. hastatum (Kleine, 1916); Atriplex subcordata, Beta vulgaris var. altissima, B. v. var. flavescens, Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum (Chujô and Kimoto, 1961); Chenopodium album var. centrorubrum (Lee and Cho, 2006); Chenopodium album, Beta vulgaris (Kosior, 1975); Chenopodium album, Atriplex hastata, A. patula, Beta vulgaris (Brovdii, 1983).

Distr.: nebulosa: not given; affinis: Germania; maculata: ?; tigrina: not given. Palaearctic Region.

figure: habitus in colour

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